Assessing flow in physical activity: The Flow State Scale-2 and Dispositional Flow Scale-2. ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders, 11, 191–208. Living “in the zone”: Hyperfocus in adult ADHD. An exploration of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults . Driven to distraction: Recognizing and coping with attention deficit disorder from childhood through adulthood. Research methods for the behavioral sciences (6th ed.). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. American Psychiatric Publishing Inc.įaul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007) Understanding and treating adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Talented teenagers: The roots of success and failure. Cambridge University Press.Ĭsikszentmihalyi, M., Rathunde, K. Optimal experience: Psychological studies of flow in consciousness. Jossey-Bass.Ĭsikszentmihalyi, M., & Csikszentmihalyi, I.
Beyond boredom and anxiety: The experience of play in work and games. Journal of Attention Disorders, 24(5), 627–643. The effectiveness of mindfulness-based therapies for ADHD: A meta-analytic review. Yale University Press.Ĭairncross, M., & Miller, C. (2006) Attention deficit disorder: The unfocused mind in children and adults. Psychological Research Psychologische Forschung, 85, 1–19. Hyperfocus: The forgotten frontier of attention. American Psychiatric Publishing.Īshinoff, B.
HYPERFOCUS SYMPTOMS MANUAL
Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). These results suggest either that hyperfocus and flow are distinct, inversely related constructs, or that the wording of the questionnaire items influences responders to think of their experiences of task absorption differently.Īmerican Psychiatric Association. Further, a MANOVA and post-hoc ANOVAs revealed that students with clinically significant levels of ADHD symptoms reported higher levels of hyperfocus and lower levels of most aspects of flow compared to students without ADHD. Correlations showed that most elements of hyperfocus were negatively or not correlated with most aspects of flow. Eight-five undergraduate volunteers with and without ADHD completed measures of dispositional hyperfocus and flow, as well as an ADHD screening instrument. The present study investigates hyperfocus and flow experiences of college students with and without clinically significant symptoms of ADHD. Recent studies (e.g., Ashinoff & Abu-Akel, 2021) have suggested that hyperfocus and flow are the same phenomenon viewed through different lenses. Historically, hyperfocus has been conceptualized as a symptom of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), autism, or schizophrenia within the psychiatry literature, whereas flow has been construed as an enjoyable and facilitative experience within positive psychology. Hyperfocus and flow are experiences of intense concentration associated with reduced perception of irrelevant stimuli and improved task performance (Ashinoff & Abu-Akel, 2021).
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